Ruta Verde del Alto Deba (Greenway)
- The Greenway of the Upper Deba
- Starting Point: Arlaban Mountain Pass
- First Section: Arlaban - Ametzaga
- Seventh Section: Zumarraga - Andoain
- Historical Legacy of the Basque Railway
- Natural Wonders Along the Greenway
- Cultural Heritage of the Basque Country
- Insider Tips: Unveiling the Secrets of the Greenway
The Greenway of the Upper Deba
The Ruta Verde del Alto Deba (Greenway of the Upper Deba) is a breathtaking 55-kilometer trail that follows the route of the old Basque Railway, which once transported iron ore from the mines of the Basque Country to the coast. Inaugurated in 1929, this railway line played a crucial role in the region's industrial development. However, with the decline of the mining industry in the 1980s, the railway fell into disuse. In 1995, the Basque Government, committed to preserving the region's cultural and natural heritage, transformed the old railway line into a greenway, offering a unique opportunity to explore the stunning landscapes of the Basque Country on foot, by bike, or on horseback.
The Greenway of the Upper Deba is divided into nine sections, each with its own unique character and attractions. Starting from the Arlaban Mountain Pass, the trail winds its way through lush forests, verdant meadows, and alongside sparkling rivers, taking you on a journey through time and nature. Along the way, you'll encounter tunnels, bridges, and viaducts that are testaments to the ingenuity of the railway engineers. Whether you're a history buff, a nature enthusiast, or simply looking for a leisurely outdoor adventure, the Ruta Verde del Alto Deba is an unforgettable experience that will leave you with lasting memories.
Starting Point: Arlaban Mountain Pass
The journey along the Green Route of the Upper Deba begins at the Arlaban Mountain Pass, a scenic and historic location that marks the border between the provinces of Álava and Gipuzkoa. This mountain pass, standing at an altitude of 622 meters, offers breathtaking panoramic views of the surrounding Basque countryside.
The Arlaban Mountain Pass is steeped in history, having served as a strategic passageway since ancient times. It was once a route for pilgrims traveling the Way of Saint James and played a crucial role during the Carlist Wars of the 19th century. The remains of trenches and bunkers from these conflicts can still be seen in the area, serving as silent witnesses to the region's tumultuous past.
Reaching the Arlaban Mountain Pass is relatively easy, with a well-maintained road leading to the summit. Once there, visitors can park their vehicles and embark on their cycling or hiking adventure along the Green Route of the Upper Deba, immersing themselves in the region's natural beauty and rich historical heritage.
First Section: Arlaban - Ametzaga
The first section of the Green Route of the Upper Deba, which runs for 5 kilometers, is considered to have a medium-low difficulty level. This section offers a variety of attractions, including several tunnels, bridges, and viaducts. Relics of the old railway line, such as old stations and warehouses, are still visible, adding to the historical charm of the route.
The natural beauty of this section is not to be missed, with forests, meadows, and streams creating a picturesque landscape. The Anboto tunnel, which is 635 meters long and offers a unique and thrilling experience, is a highlight of this section. The Aitzorrotz bridge, which spans the Deba River at a height of 30 meters, is another must-see, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding countryside.
Seventh Section: Zumarraga - Andoain
The seventh section of the Greenway, spanning 14 kilometers, presents a delightful blend of natural beauty and cultural heritage. Immerse yourself in the picturesque Leitzaran Valley, renowned for its lush green landscapes, and the diverse ecosystems of the Aizkorri-Aratz Natural Park.
Embrace the outdoors with a variety of activities, including hiking, biking, and horseback riding. Explore the region's rich Basque traditions through local crafts, such as pottery, leatherwork, and woodworking, showcasing the region's artistic heritage.
Discover the charm of Andoain, a town known for its ceramics, and delve into the history of papermaking at the Lasarte-Oria Paper Museum. These cultural attractions offer a glimpse into the region's industrial past and its enduring connection to traditional crafts.
Historical Legacy of the Basque Railway
The Basque Railway, which once traversed the Green Route of the Upper Deba, holds a significant place in the history of the region. Constructed in the late 19th century, the railway served as a vital transportation artery, connecting the Basque Country with the rest of Spain and facilitating the movement of goods and people.
The railway played a crucial role in the economic development of the region, enabling the transportation of raw materials and manufactured goods to and from industrial centers. It also facilitated the growth of tourism, as visitors from around the world were drawn to the region's natural beauty and cultural heritage.
The social impact of the railway was equally profound. It fostered a sense of community among the Basque people, connecting towns and villages that had previously been isolated. The railway also provided employment opportunities and improved the quality of life for many residents, particularly those living in rural areas.
Today, the Basque Railway is no longer in operation, but its legacy lives on in the Green Route of the Upper Deba. The Greenway offers visitors a unique opportunity to explore the region's rich history and cultural heritage while immersing themselves in the stunning natural beauty of the Basque Country.
Natural Wonders Along the Greenway
The Ruta Verde del Alto Deba traverses a region renowned for its natural beauty and geological diversity. As you pedal or stroll along the Greenway, you'll encounter a captivating array of landscapes that showcase the Basque Country's rich natural heritage.
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Geological Formations: The Greenway offers a fascinating glimpse into the region's geological history. Admire the towering limestone cliffs that flank the route, remnants of a bygone era. Explore the karst landscapes, characterized by sinkholes, caves, and underground rivers.
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Flora and Fauna: The Greenway is a haven for a diverse range of flora and fauna. The lush oak forests provide a habitat for a variety of bird species, including woodpeckers, nightingales, and buzzards. Keep an eye out for the wildflowers that bloom in vibrant hues along the route, adding a touch of color to the landscape.
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Conservation Efforts: The Basque Country is committed to preserving its natural heritage. The Greenway passes through several protected areas, including the Aizkorri-Aratz Natural Park. These parks play a vital role in safeguarding the region's unique ecosystems and ensuring the long-term sustainability of the Greenway.
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Scenic Beauty: The Greenway offers a succession of breathtaking panoramic views. Gaze upon the rolling hills, verdant valleys, and distant mountain peaks that form a picturesque backdrop to your journey. The Greenway is a true feast for the eyes, providing ample opportunities to capture stunning photographs that will serve as lasting memories of your adventure.
Cultural Heritage of the Basque Country
The Basque Country, through which the Ruta Verde del Alto Deba winds, is a land steeped in rich cultural heritage, traditions, and a unique identity that sets it apart within Spain.
The Basque language (Euskara), a pre-Indo-European language spoken by a significant portion of the population, stands as a testament to the region's distinct cultural roots. Its ancient origins and unique structure captivate linguists and enthusiasts alike.
Traditional festivals and events are vibrant expressions of Basque culture, showcasing colorful parades, intricate dances, and lively music. These celebrations, deeply rooted in local customs, provide a glimpse into the region's heritage and bring communities together in joyous festivities.
Basque cuisine, renowned worldwide for its culinary excellence, tantalizes taste buds with delectable pintxos, succulent seafood dishes, and hearty stews. Local ingredients, such as fresh fish from the Cantabrian Sea and prized cheeses from the region's lush pastures, take center stage, creating a symphony of flavors that delight food lovers.
Historical towns and villages dot the landscape along the Greenway, each with its own unique charm and stories to tell. Explore the medieval streets of Oñati, with its imposing university and Gothic churches. Marvel at the Renaissance architecture of Bergara, home to the Basque Railway Museum. Discover the hidden gems of Leintz Gatzaga, with its fortified tower and cascading waterfall.
Immerse yourself in the vibrant culture of the Basque Country as you journey along the Ruta Verde del Alto Deba. Engage with the locals, embrace their traditions, savor the local cuisine, and delve into the fascinating history that has shaped this captivating region.
Insider Tips: Unveiling the Secrets of the Greenway
Best Time to Visit: Summer offers pleasant weather for outdoor activities, while spring and autumn provide vibrant colors and fewer crowds. Winter brings a unique charm with snow-capped peaks and cozy fireplaces.
Recommended Activities: Explore the Greenway by foot, bike, or even horseback. Visit the Basque Railway Museum in Azpeitia to delve into the history of the railway. Indulge in the local gastronomy, savoring Basque pintxos and traditional dishes.
Local Customs and Etiquette: Basque people are known for their warmth and hospitality. Greet locals with a friendly "Kaixo" (hello) and say "Eskerrik asko" (thank you). Respect the local culture and traditions, and be mindful of noise levels in rural areas.
Hidden Gems: Discover the charming village of Leintz Gatzaga, with its medieval tower and waterfall. Visit the Sanctuary of Arantzazu, nestled in the stunning Aizkorri-Aratz Natural Park. Explore the historic town of Oñati, home to a prestigious university and beautiful architecture.
